"With the knowledge we have today, with a low risk for serious disease for kids, we don't see any clear benefit with vaccinating them," Health Agency official Britta Bjorkholm told a news conference on Thursday.
She added that the decision could be revisited if the research changed or if a new variant changed the pandemic.
Children in high-risk groups can already get the vaccine.
Sweden registered more than 40,000 new cases on January 26, one of the highest daily numbers during the pandemic, despite limited testing.
While the forth wave has resulted in daily infection records being shattered, the healthcare system is not under the same strain as during previous waves.
On Thursday 101 patients with COVID-19 required intensive care, well below the more than 400 patients during spring 2021.
In total, nearly 16,000 people have died of COVID-19 in Sweden since the pandemic started.
Sweden's government on Wednesday extended restrictions, which included limited opening hours for restaurants and an attendance cap for indoor venues, for two weeks but said it hoped to remove them on February 9.
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